The term “monkey mind” is an old buddhist description of how our ego minds jump from topic to topic from the moment we wake up to the moment we go to sleep. You might say, “We don’t have a monkey mind, it has us.” In other words it is so pervasive, repetitive, and non-stop that unless we are meditating or asleep, it has us. It runs us and causes our emotions to go up and down all day long and sometimes into our dreams.

Even it we “have” a monkey mind, it doesn’t mean we actually are this monkey mind. It is just a tool we can use to accomplish our goals. But if we let it run our lives with its restless chatter, then it does indeed, have us. It needs to be disciplined and put in its place. It is not who we are, for we are much more than this conglomeration of neural transmitters. It is merely an instrument in this body that helps us navigate through the physical world.
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The monkey mind is responsible for all the unrest, neurosis, violence, and upset in the world of human interactions. It keeps us awake at night and causes us to seek substances to subdue it. We are addicted to the monkey mind and its antics and then seek out other forms of addiction to quell it. And so, if we do not acknowledge this monkey mind and begin to tame it, it will, indeed, have us. And until we realize we are The Eternal Soul, we will experience its rambunctious behavior.

Every day consciousness is like radar. We scan our environment to see what could be wrong so we can protect ourselves. Our everyday consciousness enables our survival. It attunes itself to all kinds of environmental cues and lets us know what we need to do next to remain safe and secure our basic needs.

Cosmic consciousness does not scan for anything. It rests in the eternal peace that underlies the structure of the universe itself. It is not actively on the lookout for what might go wrong. It relaxes into what is and experiences things as they are: Perfect.

Everyday consciousness has a component of fear to it, from the moment we wake up to the minute we fall asleep. We worry we will be late, won’t be able to pay our bills, we will encounter difficult people whom we’d like to avoid. We worry over our weight, the stock market, the weather, the state of the world, and our timespan on this earth. If we do experience happiness in everyday consciousness, it doesn’t last very long.
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Cosmic consciousness always has a component of love and bliss, regardless of external circumstances. It is attuned to the orderly flow of universal energies and does not fluctuate and vary. It is the eternal non-physical soul that is even behind the observer of our thoughts. Everyday consciousness includes the Observer. Cosmic consciousness exists even after the Observer has disappeared.

If we define happiness as a state of inner peace regardless of outer circumstances, then, yes, Eckhart Tolle’s idea of presence is a state of happiness. Happiness does not always mean constant ecstatic bliss. It can be a state of underlying joy regardless of how our ego-minds rush forward into the future or obsess about the past. Even if we are in prison or being tortured, we can maintain a state of presence that diminishes the suffering.

This means that we are able to be clearly here and now. This is a very difficult state for the ego-mind, which relies on fear for its nourishment. But when there is fear, happiness cannot exist. They cannot be in the same space. Fear is what amplifies our pain and increases our suffering. Happiness and suffering are mutually exclusive.

The only place we can find happiness is in the present moment. As Eckhart Tolle points out, the past no longer exists and the future does not exist either. We only have the present moment, regardless of how our ego-minds kick and scream. There is nothing else. Realizing this allows for a clarity of vision that is not clouded by illusions that there is something better than right now.
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We cannot control our outer circumstances. There will always be global disasters and interpersonal strife. The only thing we have control over is how present we can be. If we are not in control, the ego-mind will take us down a painful and meaningless path. The Eternal Now is all we have ever had. And if we cannot recognize this, no matter how much wealth we accumulate or worldly honors, we will never be happy.

As humans, our brains have enabled us to rise to the top of the food chain. Therefore, we have become brain-centered when we think of consciousness. But consciousness, our ability to perceive the world around us, is not just located in the brain. It is in the gut, the heart, and in every cell of our bodies. It is even beyond our bodies, in a field that is not physical.

The brain interprets the sensory input of our physical world. We register our awareness of our environment through our constant stream of thought. But each being can have a different sensory experience, depending on the condition of their physical senses and how they have evolved. A human sees a completely different world than a bee. Bees see ultraviolet colors that humans cannot see, yet they are both conscious beings. A blind person is conscious of the world in a completely different way than a sighted person.

Consciousness does reside in the body wherever our perceptions are felt or acknowledged. It is not solely centered in the brain. We may have gut feelings, feelings in our hearts, or a combination of heart, gut, and brain. We are aware of the presence of our soul mate through our gut and heart. Sometimes our brains don’t agree but we go with our hearts and guts anyway. A loving mothers’s heart goes out to her children or people can die of a broken heart. When we walk into a room and something doesn’t “feel right” we go with our gut, regardless of what our brain says.

And so it is a combination of brain, heart, and gut that comprises consciousness. Yet there is someone behind all these perceptual organs, where eternal consciousness lives. It is not dependent on blood flow or nourishment. It is the infinite intelligence of the Universe that never goes unconscious.

Western Philosophy, with some exceptions, is a temple to the rational mind. Reasoning and figuring out why things are the way they are, are the main focus. For example, the Philosopher Kant, formulated reasons for why we need to behave altruistically towards others. Even Descartes, with his, “I think, therefore I am,” emphasizes the rational mind. He does not say: “I feel therefore I am,” or “I witness, therefore I am.”
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Eastern philosophy is more concerned with going within to find who we are as an Eternal reflection of cosmic consciousness. To do this, we must bypass the rational mind and forget about the “why’s” of things. They are the way they are and no matter how bright we are, we will never get to the bottom of it all—but Who and What is it that wants to understand?

To find out who we are, behind the labels, masks, and conditioning, we must not be distracted by the constant stream of thoughts that swirl through the mind. It takes discipline to rise above this whirlpool. It takes training to recognize the tricks of the mind. This is what Eastern philosophy aims to do. And it offers pointers to how to move away from the collector’s search for never-ending knowledge.

In general, Western philosophy is about knowing. Eastern philosophy is about finding our unity with an underlying structure of reality that never dies and never changes. It presumes we can never fully know, but we can still unite in peace with All That Is, because, at base, this is who we really are anyway. All knowledge passes away, but the Soul, in its union with the Universe, is eternal.

We can collect as much knowledge as we want, but it does not bring peace or comfort. But once we go within, with a truly quiet mind, all the harmony of the Universe is revealed.

The I-Self precedes the “Me-self” and has always existed. It it what links us to Cosmic consciousness and indestructible peace.

The me-self comes along with this body when we incarnate as a human. It appears when we recognize that we want things, we are hungry, we want toys, we are bored, we need to survive at all costs. When we are given a name and discover who the me-self is, suffering begins. We are hurt, we feel neglected, we want someone else’s toys, we want all of Mommy’s attention, we want, want and want.

But when we rest in the I-Self, there is nothing to want. We are already complete. It is a state of peace, which the me-self can never attain. Yes, I say never. For the me-self is looking to the future to fulfill itself. It is always looking for the next thing that will make it happy. It cannot feel the present moment. It will quickly return to chewing over the past and hurling towards the future.
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The I-self exists outside of time, which is a useful invention of the me-self for communication purposes and to “fix” the world. But anything that proceeds from the me-self is impermanent, as is the body from which it arises. Without the body, there wouldn’t be any “me” but the eternal I, the underlying structure of all that is, remains.

There are two ways to differentiate between the mind’s endless churning and the voice of our Soul:

The Now:
The ego-mind can never be in the Now. It is either going over the the past or hurtling into the future. It feels depression over the past and anxiety about the future. It cannot comprehend the Now or even feel comfortable in the silence of the Now.
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The Soul lives in the Eternal Now. That is where peace resides.

Peace:
Do you feel at peace? If not, you are being run by your ego-mind. The Soul does not recognize misery or chaos. This is because the Soul is a reflection of the eternal harmony of the Universe. If you are feeling upset or miserable, that is not a place of the Soul. The Soul never judges, it just is. And it allows everything and everyone else to be what they are.

If we continually judge others as we bolster our own sense of self-righteousness, we will never be in peace or discover eternal wisdom.

Rationality does not equal happiness. It can lead to the opposite of happiness.
If we analyze life on earth with a completely rational mind, we see that it is a painful joke in so many ways. A child is born, only to have some mixed experiences, reproduce as all animals are destined to do, and then die, usually painfully. That is the way life looks to the reasoning mind.
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What’s the point? Why go through all this suffering if we are just pawns of our genes’ propulsion to reproduce themselves? The rational mind cannot find comfort in Higher Reasons for why we are on this planet. So it looks for happiness to distract itself from the terror of its meaninglessness. It thinks it will find it in treasures and pleasures. But deep down, it also sees the old, forgotten man slowly limping down the street with is walker, and knows that this is his fate, too, one day.

Rationality is an admirable faculty of the mind when it is put to good use. But it can also be perverted and twisted, as we can see by all the evil dictators who have slaughtered millions for their “rational” reasons. But it does not equate to happiness on any level. The only thing that leads to happiness is happiness itself. We cannot get there by reasoning it all out.

If we allow ourselves to feel the natural happiness that rises within us, we will attract more happiness to us. Being miserable, even if it is rationally justified, is never the path to happiness. Happiness is a byproduct of doing something we love. It cannot be forced or reasoned into being but it comes naturally if we let it in.

Carl Jung is saying the that the lower mind (as opposed to Divine Consciousness) moves mechanically, restlessly on the move, non-stop, like a pendulum. He thinks it is not so much concerned with what is right and wrong while it swings back and forth between fantasy and reality.
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Right and wrong have to do with what we are taught, whereas, the mind, left on its own is like a wild stallion. It is not easy to tame and disregards what we are taught to be good and bad. It runs back and forth from pleasure to pain, love and hate, anger and peace, regardless of how right or wrong these feelings may be deemed to be by its society.

Yet, Carl Jung may have not seen how deeply the lower mind clings to the pendulum that swings between right and wrong. He may not have acknowledged that we are constantly judging, measuring ourselves against others, measuring others against ourselves, and coming up with conclusions that add to even more judgments about who is right and who is wrong. So I would amend that statement to read, “The pendulum of the mind oscillates between sense and nonsense, right and wrong.” We move from fantasy to reality while we are constantly judging according to some yardstick, whether real or imagined.

For example, you are at a party and someone spills a syrupy drink all over you. You immediately swing from anger to forgiveness as the drink spiller desperately apologizes. Then you congratulate yourself inwardly for being the better person and not throwing your drink in his or her face. You feel pleased that you are being moral about it and doing the right thing. From there you can go into fantasy of overcoming the mishap and becoming the best of friends, even possible soul mates.

All the time you are presenting yourself to yourself in the best light in terms of right and wrong while you are living out a fantasy in your mind that may be completely preposterous (they’re married, you’re married, it truly was an accident and nothing more, in life drinks get spilled). Or the pendulum can swing the other way, combining nonsense with morality. You imagine yourself fighting this person because they were wrong to be so careless and end up berating yourself as a victim that always attracts bad things. You go to the corner to cry.

While I admire Carl Jung, I feel he did not recognize that the ego mind is not as straightforward as a pendulum. It is more like a free-flying, restless machine that is all over the place. A pendulum follows certain gravitational pulls, while the ego mind is capable of going off in a completely random way.